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American Journal of Art Therapy an Interview With Judith a Rubin

Grammatical article in English

The () is a grammatical article in English, cogent persons or things already mentioned, under give-and-take, implied or otherwise presumed familiar to listeners, readers, or speakers. It is the definite commodity in English. The is the nearly oft used give-and-take in the English language; studies and analyses of texts have found it to account for vii percent of all printed English language-language words.[1] It is derived from gendered articles in Sometime English language which combined in Middle English language and at present has a single class used with pronouns of whatsoever gender.[a] The word can be used with both singular and plural nouns, and with a noun that starts with whatever alphabetic character. This is unlike from many other languages, which have different forms of the definite article for unlike genders or numbers.

Pronunciation

In nigh dialects, "the" is pronounced as /ðə/ (with the voiced dental fricative /ð/ followed past a schwa) when followed past a consonant sound, and as /ðiː/ (homophone of pronoun thee) when followed past a vowel audio or used as an emphatic class.[2]

Modern American and New Zealand English language accept an increasing tendency to limit usage of /ðiː/ pronunciation and employ /ðə/, fifty-fifty before a vowel.[3] [four]

Sometimes the word "the" is pronounced /ðiː/, with stress, to emphasise that something is unique: "he is the expert", not simply "an" practiced in a field.

Adverbial

Definite article principles in English language are described under "Use of articles". The, every bit in phrases like "the more the better", has a singled-out origin and etymology and by take chances has evolved to exist identical to the definite article.[5]

Article

The and that are common developments from the aforementioned Old English system. Old English had a definite article se (in the masculine gender), sēo (feminine), and þæt (neuter). In Center English, these had all merged into þe, the ancestor of the Modern English word the.[6]

Geographic usage

An area in which the utilize or non-apply of the is sometimes problematic is with geographic names:

  • notable natural landmarks – rivers, seas, mountain ranges, deserts, island groups (archipelagoes) and and then on – are by and large used with a "the" definite commodity (the Rhine, the Due north Sea, the Alps, the Sahara, the Hebrides).
  • continents, individual islands, administrative units and settlements mostly practice not take a "the" article (Europe, Jura, Austria (but the Democracy of Austria), Scandinavia, Yorkshire (merely the Canton of York), Madrid).
  • beginning with a mutual noun followed past of may take the commodity, as in the Isle of Wight or the Isle of Portland (compare Christmas Island), same applies to names of institutions: Cambridge University, but the University of Cambridge.
  • Some place names include an article, such as the Bronx, The Oaks, The Stone, The Birches, The Harrow, The Rower, The Swan, The Valley, The Farrington, The Quarter, The Plains, The Dalles, The Forks, The Village, The Village (NJ), The Hamlet (OK), The Villages, The Village at Castle Pines, The Woodlands, The Pas, the Vatican, The Hyde, the Due west End, the East Cease, The Hague, or the City of London (merely London). Formerly east.chiliad. Bath, Devizes or White Plains.[7]
  • generally described singular names, the Due north Island (New Zealand) or the West Country (England), accept an commodity.

Countries and territorial regions are notably mixed, virtually exclude "the" but there are some that attach to secondary rules:

  • derivations from collective common nouns such as "kingdom", "democracy", "spousal relationship", etc.: the Central African Commonwealth, the Dominican Republic, the United states, the United kingdom, the Soviet Union, the United Arab Emirates, including most state total names:[eight] [9] the Czech Republic (but Czech republic), the Russian federation (but Russia), the Principality of Monaco (but Monaco), the State of Israel (just Israel) and the Commonwealth of Australia (just Australia).[ten] [eleven] [12]
  • countries in a plural substantive: the Netherlands, the Falkland Islands, the Faroe Islands, the Cayman Islands, the Philippines, the Union of the comoros, the Maldives, the Seychelles, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, and The Bahamas.
  • Singular derivations from "island" or "land" that concord administrative rights – Greenland, England, Christmas Isle and Norfolk Island – do not have a "the" definite article.
  • derivations from mount ranges, rivers, deserts, etc., are sometimes used with an article, fifty-fifty for singular, (the Lebanon, the Sudan, the Yukon, the Congo).[xiii] This usage is in decline, The gambia remains recommended whereas use of the Argentine for Argentina is considered old-fashioned. Ukraine is occasionally referred to as the Ukraine, a usage that was mutual during the 20th century, just this is considered incorrect and maybe offensive in modern usage.[14] Sudan (but the Republic of the Sudan) and Southward Sudan (merely the Republic of South Sudan) are written present without the article.

Abbreviations

Since "the" is one of the most ofttimes used words in English, at various times brusque abbreviations for it have been found:

  • Barred thorn: the earliest abridgement, it is used in manuscripts in the Old English language. It is the letter þ with a assuming horizontal stroke through the ascender, and information technology represents the discussion þæt, significant "the" or "that" (neuter nom. / acc.).
  • þͤ and þͭ (þ with a superscript e or t) appear in Center English manuscripts for "þe" and "þat" respectively.
  • yͤ and yͭ are developed from þͤ and þͭ and appear in Early Modernistic manuscripts and in impress (meet Ye form).

Occasional proposals have been fabricated by individuals for an abbreviation. In 1916, Legros & Grant included in their classic printers' handbook Typographical Printing-Surfaces, a proposal for a alphabetic character similar to Ħ to represent "Th", thus abbreviating "the" to ħe.[fifteen]

In Middle English, the (þe) was often abbreviated as a þ with a small e above it, like to the abbreviation for that, which was a þ with a minor t above information technology. During the latter Heart English and Early Modern English periods, the letter thorn (þ) in its common script, or cursive form, came to resemble a y shape. Equally a result, the use of a y with an e above it (EME ye.svg) as an abbreviation became common. This tin nonetheless exist seen in reprints of the 1611 edition of the King James Version of the Bible in places such every bit Romans 15:29, or in the Mayflower Meaty. Historically, the article was never pronounced with a y sound, even when and then written.

The word "The" itself, capitalised, is used as an abbreviation in Commonwealth countries for the honorific championship "The Right Honourable", as in e.g. "The Earl Mountbatten of Burma", short for "The Right Honourable Earl Mountbatten of Burma", or "The Prince Charles".[xvi]

References

  1. ^ Norvig, Peter. "English Letter Frequency Counts: Mayzner Revisited".
  2. ^ "the – definition". Merriam Webster Online Dictionary.
  3. ^ Ladefoged, Peter; Johnson, Keith (2010). A Course in Phonetics (sixth ed.). Boston: Wadsworth. p. 110.
  4. ^ Hay, Jennifer (2008). New Zealand English . Edinburgh: Edinburgh Academy Printing. p. 44.
  5. ^ "the, adv.1." OED Online. Oxford University Printing, March 2016. Web. 11 March 2016.
  6. ^ "The and That Etymologies". Online Etymology Lexicon . Retrieved 18 June 2015.
  7. ^ "Why is information technology called The Hague?".
  8. ^ "Countries: Designations and abbreviations to use".
  9. ^ "FAO Country Profiles". www.fao.org.
  10. ^ "Using 'the' with the Names of Countries".
  11. ^ "List of Countries, Territories and Currencies".
  12. ^ "UNGEGN Globe Geographical Names".
  13. ^ Swan, Michael How English Works, p. 25
  14. ^ Ukraine or "the Ukraine"? past Andrew Gregorovich, infoukes.com
  15. ^ "Missed Opportunity for Ligatures".
  16. ^ 'The Prefix "The"'. In Titles and Forms of Address, 21st ed., pp. viii–9. A & C Black, London, 2002.

Notes

  1. ^ masculine, feminine, or neuter.

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The